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纳兹姆(主题诗)

نظم

围绕单一主题或思想展开的诗。What Is a Nazm? The Urdu Nazm from Nazir to Free Verse

纳兹姆(主题诗) · 1905

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沉默的回报

چپ کی داد

阿尔塔夫·侯赛因·哈利

哈利1905年献给印度女性的诗篇,共八节:写女性给予世界的一切,她们在父家与夫家所承受的辛劳,她们被迫默默忍受的世代不公,以及她们受教育权利的曙光。作者是为乌尔都语留下《六行诗》的改革家,这首诗至今仍是乌尔都语中为女子教育发出的最动人的呼吁。乌尔都语原文与英译对照;诗人简介与第一节可免费阅读。

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纳兹姆(主题诗)

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Zafar Ali Khan ki Nazmen (Poems of Zafar Ali Khan)

ظفر علی خاں کی نظمیں

Zafar Ali Khan

Sixteen poems by Maulana Zafar Ali Khan (1873-1956), editor of the Lahore newspaper Zamindar and the fighting poet of the Indian freedom movement, with "The Editor's Fate", a short comic play of 1913 about an Urdu editor ruined by the Press Act. Poems of India and freedom: "India", "Swaraj", "The Revolution of India", "Duty and Debt", Britain's "war with India", Cawnpore and Calcutta; and poems of faith, fellowship and letters: a hymn, praise of the Prophet and his four companions, two poems on Krishna, an address to the ghazal poets of the age, and a comic quarrel over a Punjabi word. Complete Urdu text with a facing line-by-line English translation, introduction and glossary. Cite as: Zafar Ali Khan, Zafar Ali Khan ki Nazmen, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026), https://www.urduintranslation.com/works/zafar-ali-khan-ki-nazmen. The first two chapters are free to read.

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纳兹姆(主题诗)

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Chakbast ki Nazmen (Poems of Brij Narain Chakbast)

چکبست کی نظمیں

Brij Narain Chakbast

Twenty-four poems by Brij Narain Chakbast of Lucknow (1882-1926), the Kashmiri Pandit poet of Indian nationalism in Urdu. The nazms include "The Dust of Hind", a praise of India's past from Gautama to Akbar; "The Song of the Homeland", the Home Rule anthem with the refrain "we would not take even paradise in place of Home Rule"; "The Vedas"; his famous "A Scene from the Ramayana", in which the exiled Rama takes leave of his mother in the stanzas of the Lucknow marsiya; and his elegies on Tilak and Gokhale. With twelve ghazals. Complete Urdu text with a facing line-by-line English translation, introduction and glossary. Cite as: Brij Narain Chakbast, Chakbast ki Nazmen, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026), https://www.urduintranslation.com/works/chakbast-ki-nazmen. The first two chapters are free to read.

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纳兹姆(主题诗)

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Ismail Merathi ki Nazmen (Poems of Ismail Merathi)

اسماعیل میرٹھی کی نظمیں

Ismail Merathi

Poems by Muhammad Ismail Merathi (1844-1917), the schoolmaster-poet whose Urdu readers taught generations of children in India and Pakistan to read. Here are the classroom favourites, "Our Cow", "The Water Mill", "The Tortoise and the Hare", "The First Drop of Rain" and "Speak the Truth"; nature poems on sunset, the hot season and the monsoon; "The Sparrow's Chicks", one of the first Urdu poems in blank verse; a satire on Indians who aped the English; a meditation on the empty Mughal palace in the Agra Fort; and a selection of his Sufi quatrains and ghazals on the oneness of being and the state of his community. Complete Urdu text with a facing line-by-line English translation, introduction and glossary. Cite as: Ismail Merathi, Ismail Merathi ki Nazmen, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026), https://www.urduintranslation.com/works/ismail-merathi-ki-nazmen. The first two chapters are free to read.

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纳兹姆(主题诗)

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Intikhab-e-Akbar: Satires and Occasional Poems

انتخابِ اکبر: پیش رو یعنی قطعات

Akbar Allahabadi · 关于Poetry

Akbar Allahabadi (1846–1921), judge, wit and the great comic poet of Urdu, wrote the sharpest verse commentary on India's meeting with the West: on the "New Light" of English education, English clothes and words, Sir Sayyid and the Aligarh college, Westernised young men and their English brides, purdah, the railway and the telegraph, and the Viceroy's durbars. This book gives the complete section "Pesh-rau" ("The Vanguard") of his collected poems, sixty pieces including "A Glimpse of the Delhi Durbar", "Lightning in the Church", the purdah poem of 1891, his answer to Southey's "Cataract of Lodore", "The Curzon Sabha" and the national poem written for Mohsin-ul-Mulk, with his parodies of Hafiz and Sa'di. Urdu text from Kulliyat-e-Akbar, Part One (4th ed., Standard Press, Allahabad, 1914), with a facing line-by-line English translation, notes on the puns and Persian quotations, an introduction and a glossary. A core text for courses on Urdu poetry and on colonialism and modernity in South Asia. Cite as: Akbar Allahabadi, Intikhab-e-Akbar: Pesh-rau, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026). The first chapter is free to read.

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纳兹姆(主题诗)

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纳兹尔·阿克巴拉巴迪诗选:人民的诗人

نظمیں نظیرؔ اکبر آبادی

Nazeer Akbarabadi

阿格拉的纳兹尔·阿克巴拉巴迪(约1735—1830)不为宫廷而写,而为集市而写,集市至今仍在传唱他。当同时代的诗人们打磨加扎勒时,他把街头所知的一切写成了带叠句的长诗:被死亡带走排场的班贾拉商人,饼、钱和奉承,让死者没有裹尸布就下葬的贫穷,雨季和冬天,以及印度各种宗教的节日:侯丽节、排灯节、拉基节、开斋节、拜拉特夜和古鲁那纳克。这部二十二首纳兹姆的选本依照巴基斯坦高等教育委员会的乌尔都语课程。少数粗俗的诗节已删去(每处删节都在书的说明中列出)。乌尔都语原文与译文逐节对照;第一章免费阅读。

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纳兹姆(主题诗) · 1879

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《哈利六行诗》:伊斯兰的潮涨潮落

مسدسِ حالی: مد و جزرِ اسلام

Altaf Husain Hali

这首诗改变了乌尔都语诗歌。1879年,在赛义德·艾哈迈德汗爵士的敦促下,帕尼帕特的阿尔塔夫·侯赛因·哈利(1837—1914)放下加扎勒,用朴素的六行诗节写下一首关于穆斯林兴衰的长诗:伊斯兰之前的阿拉伯、先知的教导、从巴格达到科尔多瓦的学术世纪,然后是衰落,他毫不留情地取材于眼前的印度:游手好闲的贵族、争吵不休的教士、乞食的诗人和被毁掉的子弟。赛义德爵士说这是他一生中唯一希望借以接受审判的功业。1886年哈利加上了补篇《扎米玛》,一篇希望之诗:觉醒的迹象、劳动的尊严、知识的力量,以及“拉你自己的车”的号召。本版收入两篇序言、六行诗正文、补篇以及最后向先知的陈情,依据塔吉公司石印本(多伦多大学藏本)。乌尔都语原文与译文逐节对照;第一章免费阅读。

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纳兹姆(主题诗) · 1924–1935

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《伊克巴尔诗选》:《驼铃声》与《吉卜利勒之翼》中的诗篇

انتخابِ اقبال

Allama Muhammad Iqbal

穆罕默德·伊克巴尔(1877—1938),锡亚尔科特与拉合尔的诗人哲学家,写下了南亚至今仍在传唱的歌,“比全世界都好的是我们的印度斯坦”“我的愿望化作祈祷来到唇边”,继而写下了与真主争辩并得到回答的诗篇:《诉怨》与《诉怨的回答》。他后来的乌尔都语诗集《吉卜利勒之翼》(1935)把加扎勒与纳兹姆转向自我(khudi)、爱与行动,并站在科尔多瓦清真寺中追问什么能超越时间。本选本依照巴基斯坦高等教育委员会乌尔都语学士课程的伊克巴尔单元编排:《驼铃声》(1924)中早期的纳兹姆与加扎勒、悼念母亲的挽歌、《诉怨》《诉怨的回答》与《伊斯兰的黎明》,然后是《吉卜利勒之翼》中的加扎勒与纳兹姆。乌尔都语原文与译文逐联对照;第一章免费阅读。

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