纳齐尔·艾哈迈德
ڈپٹی نذیر احمد
Life1830–1912
Nazir Ahmad was born in 1830 in a village of Bijnor district and came to Delhi as a boy to study in the mosque schools. He then studied at Delhi College, where he learned Arabic and came into contact with Western learning. He survived the upheaval of 1857 in Delhi.
After the uprising he rose through government service and became a deputy collector, which gave him the title "Deputy" by which he is still known. He helped translate the Indian Penal Code into Urdu. Later he served the state of Hyderabad, and he retired to Delhi, where he devoted himself to writing, lecturing and a celebrated Urdu translation of the Qur'an. He died in Delhi in 1912.
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德的作品
长篇小说 · 1888
前两章免费伊本·瓦克特（趋时者）
ابن الوقت
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德1888年的喜剧小说。1857年起义期间，伊本·瓦克特——一位莫卧儿公主的管家、精通阿拉伯语和波斯语的学者——藏匿了一个受伤的英国人诺布尔先生。德里陷落后，他得到的报偿是跻身英国人的社交圈，于是一头扎了进去：一座洋房，一张摆着刀叉的餐桌，一顶礼帽，一条狗，还有一个新的信念——统治者在一切方面都胜过被统治者。他的表兄胡贾特·伊斯兰被派来让他回心转意。这部作品写于赛义德爵士的时代，是乌尔都语中第一部讽刺殖民模仿的伟大作品，至今仍十分好笑。乌尔都语原文与英译对照；前两章可免费阅读。
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长篇小说
前两章免费Ayama: The Widows
ایامیٰ
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德 · 关于Novel
Deputy Nazir Ahmad's Ayama ("The Widows", 1891) is the classic Urdu novel on the remarriage of widows. Azadi Begam, a girl of a good Delhi family raised between a sceptical father and a devout mother, marries the young scholar Maulvi Mustajab, weans him from the narrow life of a mosque maulvi, and is left a young, childless widow when he dies in the service of Bhopal. Held back by custom from marrying again, she lives through mourning, sermons on patience, loneliness, thoughts of suicide and the schemes of go-betweens, and in her last illness examines her life in a long dialogue with herself. On her deathbed she calls the men of her family and neighbourhood together and, from behind the curtain, makes them her bequest: a speech on the sufferings of widows and on the Qur'anic command to see them married. A key text for the Urdu novel, Muslim social reform, women's lives and the widow-remarriage debate in nineteenth-century India. Complete Urdu text from the 1891 first edition, with the author's footnotes, a facing English translation, an introduction and a glossary. Cite as: Nazir Ahmad, Ayama, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026). The first chapter is free to read.
21 章English更多语言即将推出
长篇小说
前两章免费Banat-un-Nash: The Daughters of the Bier
بنات النعش
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德 · 关于Novel
Deputy Nazir Ahmad's Banat-un-Nash (c. 1872), the second part of his Mirat-ul-Uroos (1869), is one of the first Urdu books written to give girls a modern education. Asghari, the capable heroine of the earlier book, now keeps a school for girls in her Delhi home, and into it comes Husn Ara, the spoilt and bad-tempered daughter of a rich household. Through talk, example and patience rather than punishment, Asghari and her sister-in-law Mahmuda cure her of pride, laziness and superstition, while the girls learn arithmetic, gravity, the shape of the earth, the geography of Arabia, astronomy and the cause of eclipses, and hear the tale of the cruel nobleman Masih-ul-Mulk, a long story of women's superstitions, and the life of an English family. It ends with Husn Ara's moving farewell to the school before her marriage. A key text for the Urdu novel, women's education and reform in nineteenth-century India, and the daily life and speech of Delhi households after 1857. Complete Urdu text from a 1950 Delhi reprint, with the author's footnotes, a facing English translation, an introduction and a glossary. Cite as: Nazir Ahmad, Banat-un-Nash, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026). The first chapter is free to read.
22 章English更多语言即将推出
长篇小说
前两章免费Fasana-e-Mubtala (The Tale of Mubtala): A Novel of Two Wives
فسانۂ مبتلا
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德
Delhi, in the 1880s. Mubtala, spoilt only son of a well-to-do family, lives for beauty: married young to his plain, proud cousin Ghairat Begum, he despises her and spends his days with dancing girls and flatterers. His pious uncle returns from the hajj to set the house in order, his friend Arif argues with him about beauty and about what the Quran really allows, and Mubtala goes his own way: he marries Hariyali, a courtesan from Lucknow, and smuggles her into the house as a housekeeper. What follows is the comic and terrible story of two co-wives under one roof, the spying and cursing, a pot of poisoned milk, a police case fixed by Ghairat Begum's brother, a clever and unscrupulous pleader, and the slow ruin of a household and of Mubtala himself. Deputy Nazir Ahmad (1831-1912), the first Urdu novelist and author of Mirat-ul-Uroos, wrote it in 1885 against 'the freedom of men in the matter of marriage'. Complete Urdu text (Urdu Wikisource, checked against a Shamsi Press, Delhi printing, archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.435949, with the author's preface and prelude transcribed from the scan) with a facing English translation, introduction and glossary. Cite as: Deputy Nazir Ahmad, Fasana-e-Mubtala, tr. urduintranslation.com (2026), https://www.urduintranslation.com/works/fasana-e-mubtala. The first two chapters are free to read.
31 章English更多语言即将推出
长篇小说 · 1869
前两章免费Mirat-ul-Uroos (The Bride's Mirror)
مراۃ العروس
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德 · 关于Women's education and household management
Nazir Ahmad's 1869 novel of two Delhi sisters: Akbari, spoilt and quarrelsome, whose household falls into ruin, and Asghari, educated and sensible, who sets her husband's family in order, runs a school for girls, and arranges a brilliant match for her sister-in-law. Often called the first Urdu novel.
20 章English更多语言即将推出
长篇小说 · 1874
前两章免费纳苏赫的忏悔
توبۃ النصوح
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德
纳齐尔·艾哈迈德1874年的小说。德里霍乱流行期间，体面、富足而漫不经心的穆斯林绅士纳苏赫病倒了，在热病的梦中看见亡父在真主面前受审。他醒来后变了一个人，决心整顿全家；妻子法赫米达愿意同他一道，年幼的孩子们也跟着走，可是已经成年的长子卡利姆——一个纨绔子弟、诗人和才子——却一概不肯接受。这是一出关于父与子、信仰与时尚的家庭剧，出自《伊本·瓦克特》和《新娘的镜子》的作者之手，是乌尔都语小说的奠基之作之一。乌尔都语原文与英译对照；前两章可免费阅读。
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