Literary history and biography

تذکرہ و سوانح

Literary history and biography en ourdou original avec une traduction en regard. Les deux premiers chapitres de chaque œuvre sont gratuits, avec publicité ; les membres et les mécènes peuvent lire l’œuvre entière sans publicité. Les œuvres se lisent aussi en ourdou romanisé et en écriture hindi.

Œuvres sur Literary history and biography

Autobiographie et biographie

Deux premiers chapitres gratuits

Aab-e-Hayat: The Chapter on Ghalib

آب حیات: غالب کا باب

Muhammad Husain Azad · sur Literary history and biography

The section on Mirza Ghalib (1797–1869) from Muhammad Husain Azad's Aab-e-Hayat (1880), the first history of Urdu poetry and a founding classic of modern Urdu prose. Azad, a pupil of Ghalib's rival Zauq who knew Ghalib in person, tells of his noble descent, lost pension and journey to Calcutta, his poverty, pride, marriage, religion and friends, and the ruin of Delhi in 1857; quotes many of his famous Urdu letters; lists his Persian and Urdu works; tells the story of the wedding sehra that offended the emperor and Ghalib's verse apology; and collects his celebrated witticisms, ending with his own death chronogram and a selection of ten ghazals. One of the earliest accounts of Ghalib and the source of many anecdotes still told about him, read in courses on Ghalib, Urdu literature and the culture of Mughal Delhi. Complete Urdu text from the Lucknow edition of 1900, with Azad's footnotes, a facing English translation, an introduction and a glossary. Cite as: Muhammad Husain Azad, Aab-e-Hayat (Ghalib), tr. urduintranslation.com (2026). The first chapter is free to read.

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